Suntarskaya average comprehensive school № 1

Abstract on the topic:

Development of basketball in the Soviet Union

Completed by: Sidorova Veronica,

Student of the 10th grade

Checked:

Teacher physical culture

Suntar, 2011

Introduction

1.2 Formation of the NBA

2. History of the development of basketball in the USSR

3. Russian basketball after 1985

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

IN modern life increasing use of activities exercise is not aimed at achieving high results, but at increasing their health-improving effect on the broad masses of the population. To solve such a global problem, the most effective means are, first of all, sports games.

Modern basketball is in a stage of rapid creative upsurge, aimed at intensifying actions, both in attack and defense.

Basketball is one of the means of physical development and education of youth.

1. History of the emergence and development of basketball before the revolution

Dr. James Naysmith is known throughout the world as the inventor of basketball. He was born in 1861 in Ramsay, a town near Almonte, Ontario, Canada...

The concept of basketball originated in his school years, while playing duck-on-a-rock...

The meaning of this game, popular at that time, was as follows: by tossing one, not large, stone, it was necessary to hit the top of another, larger stone with it.

After serving as Athletic Director at McGill University, Naismith moved to the YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts.

Basketball is perhaps the only popular sport whose date and place of origin are known for certain. More than a dozen books have been written about this significant event, often with fictitious details telling about the first steps of this future addiction of millions. And yet, it makes sense to at least schematically outline the main points of the formation and development of basketball, an artificially invented game that in a matter of decades managed to win the hearts of fans all over the world, which in itself seems to be an unprecedented phenomenon.

Already, as a physical education teacher and college professor in Springfield, James Naismith was faced with the problem of creating a game for the Massachusetts winter, the period between baseball and football competitions.

Naismith believed that due to the weather at this time of year, the best solution would be to invent a game for indoors.

basketball soviet russia history

Naismith wanted to create an outdoor game for Christian Worker School students that involved more than just the use of force.

He needed a game that could be played indoors in a relatively small space.

And so, in December 1891, James Naismith presented his unnamed invention to his gymnastics class at the Springfield YMCA.

In the beginning it was a game of patience and strategy...Most of the early games had scores that never exceeded 15 or 20 points.

Naismith closely followed the development of sports, represented in many nations by the YMCA movement, as early as 1893.

For the first time on Olympic Games ah basketball was introduced in Berlin in 1936.

At the height of the game, Naismith was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame, despite the fact that it was already named after him.

Basketball has come a long way since James Naismith.

And today it is one of the most popular sports competitions in the world, which would not have been possible without Dr. James Naismith, the founder of this magnificent game.

In the winter of 1891, YMCA college students from Springfield, Massachusetts, were simply bored in class. physical education, forced to perform endless gymnastic exercises, which at that time were considered almost the only means of introducing young people to sports. The monotony of such activities urgently needed to be put to an end and a fresh stream introduced into them, which would be able to satisfy the competitive needs of strong and healthy young people.

A modest college teacher named James Naismith found a way out of the seemingly impasse. In December of the same year the first game was played soccer ball, and instead of rings, he tied two baskets of peaches to the railing of the balcony of the gym and, dividing eighteen students into two teams, offered them a game, the meaning of which was to throw more balls into the opponents’ basket. A start has been made. Could Dr. Naismith then imagine what a great future awaited his brainchild?

Quite pragmatically called “basketball” (basket - basket, ball - ball), the game, of course, only vaguely resembled the enchanting spectacle that we know under this name today. There was no dribbling the ball, the players only tossed it to each other, standing still, and then tried to throw it into the basket, and only with both hands from below or from the chest, and after a successful throw, one of the players climbed onto a ladder placed against the wall and removed the ball from the basket . From a modern point of view, the actions of the teams would seem to us sluggish and inhibited, but Dr. Naismith’s goal was to create a collective game in which a large number of participants could be involved simultaneously, and his invention fully met this task.

Already on February 12, 1892, having studied the rules and mastered the basics of technique, the students of Springfield College, in the presence of a hundred spectators, played the first “official” match in the history of basketball, which ended peacefully with a result of 2: 2. Its success was so deafening, and rumors about the new game spread at such a speed that soon the two Springfield teams began holding exhibition matches, attracting hundreds of spectators to their performances. Their initiative was picked up by students from other colleges, and the very next year the entire American northeast was gripped by basketball fever.

The spontaneous formation of amateur teams and leagues led to the fact that students sought to play exclusively basketball, preferring it not only to such traditional game types, like American football and baseball, but also the beloved college trustees of gymnastics. Officials of the Youth Christian Association, heeding the complaints of opponents of the new trend, did not turn a blind eye to such a blatant violation of the foundations educational process and practically slammed the doors of student gyms on basketball. However, their desire to ban the rapidly gaining popularity the new kind sport was like trying to manually stop a speeding train.

However, if you wish, you can find a positive side to these prohibitions, because it was they that provoked the holding of the first professional basketball match, that is, a match for money. This happened in 1896, when a team from Trenton, New Jersey, in order to pay the rent of the hall, was forced to sell tickets to its game. Having paid at the end of the meeting with the owners of the premises, the Trenton team discovered that it had a portion of the money received from the tickets, which was equally divided among the players, making each of them $15 richer.

1.1 Emergence of professional leagues

The first officially registered association of professional basketball teams, called the National Basketball League, arose in 1898 and existed for five years, after which it broke up into several independent leagues that held their own championships.

The rules of those years allowed teams to enter into contracts with different players for each game, team compositions were thus characterized by extreme instability, and any player in one championship, if desired, could play for almost all teams, selling his services for each match to those who will pay more. Individual contracts cost approximately one dollar per minute of play, allowing best players, who spent more time on the site, earned impressive sums for those times, not paying attention to bruises, contusions and abrasions for their sake; basketball at the turn of the century was more than a contact sport, in which pushing, grabbing and cutting opponents was not prohibited.

One of the innovations, designed to speed up the game, but in fact only increased the risk of injury to athletes, was the introduction of wire mesh, enclosing the basketball court on all sides. Thanks to her, the ball always remained in play, but only the most desperate dared to enter the fight for possession of it at the net, emerging from such combats with numerous bruises and long-lasting imprints of the net all over their bodies. Such fencing, more suitable for hockey matches or fights without rules, were abolished only in 1929.

Fortunately, there were much more reasonable innovations. Back in 1892, the bottoms of baskets began to be cut out, so as not to climb the ladder to them after each goal scored, and then completely replaced them with metal rings. However, exactly

2. History of the development of basketball in the USSR

The birthplace of domestic basketball is St. Petersburg. This fact is well known and leaves no doubt.

The first mention of this game in our country belongs to the famous Russian propagandist of physical culture and sports, St. Petersburg resident Georgy Dupperon, and it dates back to 1901. Back in September 1900, the Committee for Promoting the Moral and Mental Development of Young People was created in St. Petersburg. His program included giving lectures on various areas of human life. And already in 1904, physical education appeared in the committee’s program, which, along with moral and mental development, added physical education. The society was given the name “Mayak”. In the report for 1907 of his activities (from 09/22/1906 to 09/22/1907) there was a mention of the invitation to Russia of the American specialist E. Moraller, who told the Mayakovites about a completely new overseas game. It turned out that we were first introduced to basketball best athletes“Mayak”. At the end of 1906, the first basketball matches were held in the Society. The winner of the first competitions was invariably the “lilac” team (based on the color of the T-shirts), led by one of the best gymnasts in society, S. Vasiliev, who was later called the “grandfather of Russian basketball.”

And already in 1909, an event took place that became a definite milestone in the history of not only domestic, but also world basketball. A group of members of the American Christian Association came to St. Petersburg. A basketball team was made up of them, which, to the general joy of St. Petersburg residents, lost to the local “lilac” team with a score of 19: 28. This meeting took place in the new hall of the Mayak Society in house No. 35 on Nadezhdenskaya street (in Soviet times - street Mayakovsky). It was this historical meeting in the book “World Basketball”, published in Munich in 1972 for the 40th anniversary of the FIBA ​​basketball federation, that was called the first real international basketball match. Thus, it turns out that Russia became the venue for the first international basketball match. match on the planet. These two events - the first game, held in 1906, and the first international match in 1909 - gave rise to doubt in determining the date of birth of basketball in Russia. For many years, anniversary tournaments were held, counting from 1906, right up to. 80th anniversary of Russian basketball. But then one inaccuracy was discovered: in the memoirs of the already well-known “grandfather of Russian basketball,” that first game in 1906, held in the society’s hall, was mentioned.

“Mayak” on Nadezhdenskaya Street. It has been established archivally that the new hall of the “Mayak” society was put into operation a little later. Apparently, on this basis, some hotheads “decided” to consider the date of birth of basketball in Russia not 1906, but, say, 1909! And this after multiple anniversaries on the occasion of the 50th anniversary - in 1956, the 60th anniversary - in 66 -th, 75th anniversary - in 81st, finally, 80th anniversary - in 86th?

This question is not idle. It must be resolved by sports historians; they are the ones who can bring the necessary clarity to put a definitive end to this issue. But let's return to St. Petersburg. Thanks to the efforts of the Mayakovites, basketball soon began to spread in other sports societies and educational institutions of the city, and after the revolution it confidently spread across the country and already in 1920 it was included in school curriculum Universal education on a par with football as a compulsory discipline. In 21, the country's first basketball league was created in St. Petersburg, with F. Jurgenson becoming its chairman. And it was this organization that was the prototype of the current federation, and it was under its auspices that in the same year the city basketball championship was held for the first time.

Future federations carried out a lot of work in organizing all kinds of championships, tournaments, and, since 1923, national championships, first among cities, and then among sports societies. It must be said that Leningrad teams repeatedly became champions: in 23, both teams - women's and men's, then the women's team in 35, and the men's team in 36. In 1955, the Leningrad men's team became the champion of the all-Union competitions in indoors among the national teams of the union republics, as well as Moscow and Leningrad. Then our teams won the title of national champions four more times: the women's team “Spartak” (head coach S. Gelchinsky) - in 1974 and the team “Elektrosila” (head coach E. Kozhevnikov) - in 1990; The Spartak men's team became the champion of the Soviet Union in 1975, and the champion of the CIS in 1992. Both victories were won under the leadership of coach V. Kondrashin.

A great contribution to the organization of city basketball, to the problems of the growth of young specialists, to the training of highly qualified Masters, who later performed excellently in the national teams of the USSR and Russia, to the training of coaching personnel was made first by the basketball section of the city Committee for Physical Education and Sports, and then by the Leningrad Basketball Federation (St. Petersburg). In the pre-war and early post-war years, these organizations were headed by S. Golshtein and M. Krutikov. In subsequent years, the federation was headed by the Honored Master of Sports V. Razzhivin, the secretary of the district party committee G. Semibratov, the responsible employee of the Leningrad City Executive Committee B. Leshukov, the scientist and journalist M. Chuprov and, finally, the tax police general G. Poltavchenko. People of various specialties actively worked as part of a public organization, which was the federation. Their contribution to the development of basketball in the city on the Neva is enormous. We can recall only a few of them: V. Zheldin, Y. Gerasimov, E. Ershova, B. Ivanov, A. Dmitriev, G. Ulyashenko, Y. Appolonov, V. Shamis, Y. Kuznetsov, S. Chesnokov, N. Poznanskaya , E. Ivanova, V. Trzheskal, Y. Portnykh, O. Vdovin, Y. Alekseev, S. Afanasyev, V. Uglyankin, O. Mamontov, D. Frolov and many, many others. The main areas of the federation's work were: grassroots basketball, reserve training, performances of master teams, refereeing issues, including the training of referees, and propaganda of basketball in the media and on television.

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Basketball (English basket - basket, ball - ball) is one of the most popular team sports in the world. Basketball is played by two teams, each consisting of five players. The goal of each team is to throw the ball into the opponent’s hoop with a net (basket) with their hands and prevent the other team from taking possession of the ball and throwing it into their own basket. The basket is 3.05 meters above the floor (10 feet). There are 5 people from each team on the court, a total of 12 people in the team, substitutions are not limited. For a ball thrown from near and middle distance, 2 points are counted, (from behind the three-point line) - 3 points. A free throw is worth one point. Standard size basketball court 28 meters long and 15 meters wide. Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world.

Basketball in the world

In the winter of 1891, YMCA college students from Springfield, Massachusetts, forced to perform endless gymnastic exercises, which at that time were considered almost the only way to introduce young people to sports, were very bored in physical education classes. It was necessary to put an end to the monotony of such activities, to introduce a fresh stream into them that would be able to satisfy the competitive needs of strong and healthy young people.

College teacher James Naismith found a way out of the seemingly impasse. On December 1, 1891, he tied two baskets of peaches to the railing of the balcony of the gymnasium and, dividing eighteen students into two teams, offered them a game, the meaning of which was to throw more balls into the opponents' basket.

The idea for this game originated in his school years, when children played the old game “duck-on-a-rock”. The meaning of this game, popular at that time, was as follows: by tossing a small stone, it was necessary to hit the top of another, larger stone with it.

The quite pragmatically named “basketball” game only vaguely resembled modern basketball. There was no dribbling of the ball, the players only tossed it to each other, standing still, and then tried to throw it into the basket, and only with both hands from below or from the chest, and after a successful throw, one of the players climbed onto a ladder placed against the wall and removed the ball from the basket . From a modern point of view, the actions of the teams would seem to us sluggish and inhibited, but Dr. Naismith’s goal was to create a collective game in which a large number of participants could be involved simultaneously, and his invention fully met this task.

Very quickly, starting in 1895, basketball from the USA penetrates first to the East - to Japan, China, the Philippines, as well as to Europe and South America.

In 1904, at the Olympic Games in St. Louis (USA), the Americans organized an exhibition tournament between teams from several cities. The same demonstration tournaments were held at the 1924 (Paris) and 1928 (Amsterdam) Olympics.

Basketball associations were created in a number of countries, but organizational disunity hampered international contacts and hampered the further development of basketball. On June 18, 1932, the first international conference of national basketball associations took place in Geneva. The meeting decided to create the International Federation of Basketball Associations (FIBA). First international rules The games were adopted in 1932 at the first FIBA ​​Congress, after which they were adjusted and changed many times, the last significant changes were made in 1998 and 2004.

In 1935 the International Olympic Committee made a decision to recognize basketball Olympic form sports.

The Olympic debut of basketball took place at the XI Olympic Games in Berlin in 1936. Men's teams from 21 countries took part in the tournament. The competitions took place in open areas; all subsequent Olympic tournaments were held indoors. First Olympic champion became the US team.

Women's basketball made its Olympic debut in 1976 in Montreal. Six teams participated in the tournament. The first Olympic champions were the basketball players of the USSR national team, who became champions twice more. The first European Championship among men was held in 1935 in Geneva. Latvian basketball players won. The first European Women's Championship was held in Rome in 1938, which was won by Italian basketball players.

The decision to hold the men's world championships was made at the FIBA ​​Congress during the 1948 Olympics. in London. The first World Basketball Championship took place in 1950. in Buenos Aires (Argentina). 10 teams took part in the championship. The first world champion was the Argentine team, defeating the 1948 Olympic champion USA.

At the FIBA ​​Congress in Helsinki in 1952 (during the Olympic Games), it was decided to hold the Women's World Championships. The first championship took place in 1953 in Santiago (Chile), and the first champions were American basketball players.

Thus, the game, once invented simply to diversify physical education lessons for students, has become one of the most popular and widespread sports games in the world. With the development of the Game, its rules were changed and supplemented, as well as the equipment and markings of the court (for example, the introduction of a time limit (24 seconds) for a team to attack the opponent’s basket, or the appearance of a line, for hitting which the team is awarded 3 points (1984)) .

Basketball in Russia

The date of birth of basketball in Russia is considered to be 1906. Place of birth - St. Petersburg, sports society "Mayak".

The gymnasts of this society created the first basketball teams, then teams appeared in the Bogatyr society and some others. But before the October Revolution of 1917. this game was cultivated almost exclusively in the capital of Russia - St. Petersburg. New life basketball in Russia begins in the early twenties. As an independent subject, basketball is introduced first at the Main Military School of Physical Education of Workers, and a little later at the Moscow Institute of Physical Culture.

Graduates of these educational institutions became the first basketball specialists in our country.

In 1947, the All-Union Basketball Section became a member International Federation basketball Soviet basketball players received the right to participate in all competitions organized by FIBA. In the same year, the USSR men's team took part in the European Championship. Our basketball players defeated the teams of Yugoslavia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Egypt, Poland and met in the finals with the European champion - the team of Czechoslovakia. Having won with a score of 56:37, the USSR team won the title of European champion.

The USSR men's team is one of strongest teams world during the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

In total, in the final stages of 39 tournaments (9 Olympiads, 9 World Championships and 21 European Championships) from 1947 to 1990, in which the USSR national team took part, only at its very first World Championship in 1959, the Soviet team failed to be among the winners, and even then only for political reasons, the team was deprived of gold, since despite the fact that the USSR team won all its matches, it refused to play with the Taiwan team. No other basketball team has achieved such a unique achievement.

Here full list historical achievements of the USSR men's team:

Olympic champion (2): 1972, 1988

Olympic silver medalist (4): 1956, 1960, 1964, 1968

Olympic bronze medalist (3): 1968, 1976, 1980.

World champion (3): 1967, 1974, 1982

Vice world champion (3): 1978, 1986, 1990

European Champion (14): 1947, 1951, 1953, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1971, 1979, 1981, 1985 (from 1957 to 1971, the USSR national team won 8 European Championships in a row).

The performances of the USSR women's national team on the international stage look no less impressive:

USSR national team - became European champion 21 times (1950-1956, 1960-1991)

The USSR national team won the title of World Champion 6 times (1959, 1964, 1967, 1971, 1975 and 1983) and twice became a bronze medalist (1957 and 1986).

Three times the team became the Champion of the Olympic Games (1976, 1980, 1992 (under the flag of the unified team)), in 1988 the USSR women's team became the bronze medalist of the Olympics in Seoul.

The history of the Russian national teams, which are the official successors of the USSR national teams, dates back to 1992. The achievements of the Russian national teams are not as great as those of their predecessors, but these teams also have something to be proud of!

Thus, the Russian men's team twice became the silver medalist of the World Championships (1994 and 1998), the Champion (2007), as well as the silver (1993) and bronze (1997) medalist of the European Championships.

The achievements of the Russian women's team are even more significant:

Olympic bronze medalists (2): 2004, 2008

Silver medalists of the World Championships (3): 1998, 2002, 2006.

European Champions (2): 2003, 2007

Silver medalists of the European Championships (3): 2001, 2005, 2009.

Bronze medalists of the European Championships (2): 1995, 1999.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, a wealthy American, James Stokes, came to Russia. He arrived after receiving news of the death of his two sons in the Caucasus mountains. In memory of them, with donations from Stokes, the “Society for the Physical and Moral Education of Youth” - “Mayak” - was organized in St. Petersburg, in which already in 1902 they began to play basketball according to American rules. A well-equipped building was built for Mayak gym, a basketball court was marked out in it and boards with rings and nets were hung, as is done now.

In 1906, the Mayak sports society organized the first basketball team.

In 1909, six best teams competed for the Mayak Society Cup. The cup went to the Lilov team, led by Stepan Vasilievich Vasiliev, one of Mayak’s best gymnasts, later the “grandfather of Russian basketball”, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR.

From "Mayak" in 1910, basketball penetrated into the "Society of Physical Education" - "Bogatyr" - the largest society in Russia, in which the leading scientists of that time in the field of physical education worked. Basketball was first introduced into these two organizations.

In 1913, the first rules of the game were published in St. Petersburg.

Development of basketball in Russia and the USSR until 1941.

Basketball received its real calling and development only after the Great October Socialist Revolution.

The district departments of Universal Education had a great influence on the development of the game. In 1920, basketball was introduced as an independent subject in physical education institutions.

In 1923, at the first All-Union Physical Education Festival, a basketball tournament was held, which is considered to be the country's first championship.

In 1923-28, the Soviet basketball school began to form. During these years, a search was underway for the most effective methods of training teams, new techniques and forms of playing the game, and by 1941, in fact, the formation of the national basketball school was completed. New rules of the game were introduced, which largely coincided with international ones, and educational and methodological work was intensified.

The Great Patriotic War disrupted the peaceful life of our country.

Development of basketball after the Great Patriotic War

In 1947, the All-Union Basketball Section became a member of the International Basketball Federation, and Soviet basketball players received the right to participate in all international competitions organized by FIBA. In the same year, the USSR men's team took part in the European Championship for the first time and won the title of champion. The result of the European Championship proved that Soviet basketball players had already reached a high level of sportsmanship.

The offensive nature of the game, based on collective action, rational technique and versatile physical training of the players, confirmed the correctness of the chosen direction of the Soviet school of basketball.

A kind of revolution was caused by the appearance of jump throws and one-handed throws. If previously teams scored 20-30 shots per match, then with the advent of new shots the total of matches increased to 50-60 points. Children are fond of basketball and in 1948, American coach T. Archel first introduced mini-basketball. Game with simplified rules.

The USSR women's team participated in the European Championship for the first time in 1950 and won 1st place.

The men's team started at the XV Olympic Games in Helsinki in 1952. Soviet basketball players defeated the strong teams of Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, left all European teams behind them and won second place.

Among the large army of Soviet basketball players, a whole galaxy of talented players appeared, among them, first of all, G. Volnov, A. Alachachan, A. Travin, S. Smildzinya, N. Poznanskaya should be noted. Until 1972, the USSR national team was traditionally 2nd, and at the Olympics in Munich the Olympic champions triumphed and repeated their success in 1988 at the Olympics in Seoul.

In 1964, youth teams entered the international arena. The boys became the first European champions among youth. And in 1965, girls repeated their success.

The USSR national women's team participated in the World Championship for the first time in 1957, and took 2nd place, and in 1959 in Moscow they became the world champion for the first time.

In 1976 women's basketball was first introduced at the Olympic Games.

After the Olympic Games in Seoul, most of the players went abroad. For the first time, S. Marciulionis was invited to the US Basketball Association and A. Volkov and A. Sabonis were invited to Spain.

This fact explains the decline in the level of skill and results of our teams and club teams in basketball in the period 1989-92. But basketball does not stand still. The individual style of competitive activity of the player - the “star” is normalized, basketball is improved in the air, the accuracy of throws, the power and tactical “subtlety” of passes are increased, the playing functions of team leaders - “dispatchers”, “snipers” are enriched.

In 1994-95, a restructuring of Russian basketball took place. A super league of six leading men's teams has been organized. Work among veteran basketball players has intensified.

Currently, a professional attitude towards basketball is emerging, teams are self-sustaining and the basketball federation is striving to increase interest in basketball. Players have appeared who worthily represent Russian basketball on the international stage: Andrei Kirilenko, Vasily Karasev, Sergei Panov, Elena Baranova, Natalia Zasulskaya and others.

The first mention of basketball in our country dates back to 1901 - the publication of the book “Gymnastic Games” by the teacher of the 2nd Tiflis men’s gymnasium A. Skotak, which introduced readers to new game"Throwing the ball into the basket" (Basketball). The next year (1902), a description of the game and its rules called “Ball in the Basket” appeared in the collection “Outdoor Games,” published under the editorship of P. Bokin, a teacher at the Tenishev School in St. Petersburg. A significant role in the popularization of the game was played by the book of the famous sports figure G.A. Duperron “Football and other outdoor games of the same type” (1912), where basketball also took its rightful place.

Basketball began to be played in Russia for the first time in 1906. At that time, in St. Petersburg there was a society for the promotion of moral, mental and physical development young people called “Mayak”. First regular classes basketball in our country are connected precisely with the activities of Mayak, with a member of this society S.V. Vasiliev, who would later be called the Russian Naismith, and with the society’s teacher, the American Moraller, who arrived in Russia in 1907-1908.

S.V. Vasiliev got hold of the rules of basketball, translated them into Russian and persuaded his comrades, who at that time only recognized gymnastics among all sports, to try the new product.

In the spring of 1908, basketball, along with football and gymnastics, was included in the program of regularly held classes at sports grounds Krestovsky Island (St. Petersburg). In February-March 1910 the first official competitions for the Mayak Cup, the winner of which was the Lilovy team (based on the color of the athletes’ T-shirts) consisting of: Vasiliev, Vladimirov, Burykin, Nurdman, Machikhin.

Following the Mayak society, basketball teams appeared in the Bogatyr sports society, and after it in some others. Basketball gradually spread throughout the cities of Russia. Somewhat later, he penetrated into Ukraine, Belarus, Transcaucasia, and the Far East.

In 1913, the first basketball rules were published in St. Petersburg. In 1916, the first description of the game was published. However, basketball received its real recognition and development in our country only after the 1917 revolution.

In 1919, the magazine "Russian Sport" published the first articles about basketball. One of the issues, in particular, described the first competition in the history of Soviet basketball between the second Petrograd sports club and the basketball league, held on May 25, 1919, exactly a year after the introduction of Vsevobuch.

District departments of Vsevobuch had a great influence on the development of basketball. Since 1920, basketball has been included in the program of physical education holidays: the Ural Olympics, the Moscow Provincial Olympics, etc. In the same year, basketball as an independent subject was introduced in physical education institutions: at the Main Military School of Physical Education, at the District School of Sports and Pre-Conscription Training Instructors, and at the Moscow Institute of Physical Culture. Specialists who have graduated from these educational establishments, became the first promoters of basketball in our country.

On February 21-22, 1921, the first public basketball management body was created in our country - the “Basketball Section of Petrograd”, one of the first resolutions of which was the holding of the Petrograd Championship.

Since 1921, basketball began to be cultivated in the republics of Central Asia, Transcaucasia and Ukraine. Already in 1921, basketball competitions were held at the II Central Asian Spartakiad in Tashkent.

In 1923, basketball was included in the program of the first All-Union festival of physical culture, held in Moscow. This tournament is considered to be the first national championship. The winners of the competition were the women's team from Leningrad and the men's team from Moscow.

Of great importance for the further development of physical culture and sports in the USSR (in particular, basketball) was the resolution of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) dated July 13, 1925. The Central Committee of the Party pointed out the need for widespread development of physical culture and sports in the country, which are one of the effective methods education of the masses During this period, basketball continues to penetrate into certain areas Russian Federation, Ukraine, Caucasus and Central Asia. Basketball has firmly entered the system of physical training in the Soviet Army. Students of higher educational institutions also became interested in it.

In 1923 - 1928 The Soviet school of basketball began to take shape. This stage is characterized by a search best methods training teams, new techniques and forms of playing the game. Talented players appeared who significantly enriched basketball with new technical techniques and game actions: Muscovites K. Travin and V. Salautina, Leningraders N. Kuznetsov and G. Tishchinsky, Tbilisi M. Tskhvetadze.

In 1928, at the First All-Union Spartakiad, the guests of Soviet basketball players were the men's and women's working teams of French basketball players.

In 1931, the “Ready for Labor and Defense of the USSR” complex was introduced, which became the basis of the physical education system in the country. The introduction of the GTO complex helped attract wide sections of youth to basketball and significantly improve educational and training work with teams, which was now based on the comprehensive physical training of players.

On January 1, 1939, new rules of the game were introduced, which largely coincided with international ones.

In 1940, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia became part of the Soviet Union. Basketball in these republics was at a high level, the Baltic teams had extensive experience in international meetings.

During these years, educational and methodological work has noticeably intensified. New printed works appeared, published first by the Leningrad and then by the Moscow Institutes of Physical Culture. In 1940, the first official basketball program was published for sections of physical education groups, which established some unity in teaching methods and training. Following the program (in 1941), the first basketball textbook was published (the author of the program and manual was P. M. Tsetlin).

On January 1, 1941, there were more than 82 thousand basketball players in the country. By this time, the formation of the national basketball school had been completed.

Even during the difficult war years, basketball work continued in a number of cities. In the summer of 1944, after a three-year break, the eleventh national championship was held in Tbilisi, and in 1945, twenty days before the victorious end of the Great Patriotic War, a traditional match of eight city teams took place in Kaunas.

At the stage 1946 - 1966. The domestic basketball school was being improved, a coherent system of sports training was created, and as a result, Soviet basketball players successfully entered the wide international arena.

In 1947, the All-Union Basketball Section became a member of the International Basketball Federation. Soviet basketball players received the right to participate in all competitions organized by FIBA. In the same year, the USSR men's team took part in the European Championship. Our basketball players defeated the teams of Yugoslavia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Egypt, Poland and met in the finals with the European champion - the team of Czechoslovakia. Having won with a score of 56:37, the USSR team won the title of European champion. Our team performed in the following composition: O. Korkiya, E. Alekseev, A. Konev, I. Lysov, V. Kolpakov, N. Dzhorjikia, S. Tarasov, A. Moiseev, Y. Ushakov, I. Kullam, S. Butautas , K. Pyatkevicius, V. Kulakauskas and J. Lagunavichus. Team coaches are P. Tsetlin and S. Spandaryan.

The results of the European Championship showed that Soviet basketball players had reached a high level of sportsmanship by the time they entered the wide international arena. The offensive nature of the game, teamwork, rational technique and versatile physical training of the players confirmed the correctness of the chosen direction of the national school of basketball.

In subsequent years, our basketball players regularly participated in major international competitions.

On December 27, 1948, a resolution was adopted by the Central Committee of the Communist Party, which indicated the need for the comprehensive development of the mass physical education movement in the country, increasing the level of sportsmanship of Soviet athletes in order to achieve world championships in the most important sports in the coming years.

A unique response to the party’s decision was an increase in the number of people playing basketball, increased skill of players, and intensification of educational and methodological work.

On July 1, 1949, there were more than 15 thousand discharge-level basketball players, and the total number of people involved in basketball exceeded 500 thousand people.

In 1950, the USSR women's national team took part in the European Championship for the first time. Having held all the matches at a high level and defeated all their opponents, our basketball players became European champions. The national women's team competed in the following composition: L. Alekseeva, E. Zarkovskaya, T. Moiseeva, R. Mamentyeva, V. Kopylova, E. Ryabushkina, V. Kharitonova, N. Pimenova, V. Shendel, 3. Stasyuk, N. Maksimelyanova. Team coaches are K. Travin and V. Kulakauskas.

In 1952, the USSR men's team started at the XV Olympic Games in Helsinki. Soviet basketball players defeated strong teams from Brazil, Uruguay, and Chile, left all European teams behind them and won second place.

The US team that took first place had a significant advantage in the height of its players compared to the Soviet team. The tallest basketball player on our team was A. Konev (192 cm), while the Americans had such giants as Kurland (213 cm) and Lovelett (209 cm). Soviet basketball faced the problem of attracting tall boys and girls to the sport. Through the efforts of coaches and the public, it was eventually successfully resolved.

In 1957, the USSR women's national team participated in the World Championship for the first time. Our basketball players took second place, losing 3 points in the final to the US national team, the winner of the previous championship.

The USSR men's national team took part in the World Championship for the first time in 1959. Soviet basketball players won all the matches, including against the American team, but were deprived of the world title as a result of a decision by FIBA, which disqualified our team for refusing to play with the team from the island of Taiwan . The title of world champions was awarded to the Brazilian national team.

Our national junior teams also entered the wide international arena. In the spring of 1964, our juniors participated in the first European Championship. Young Soviet basketball players won all the matches and became the first European champions.

In the fall of 1965, at the first European Championships for girls, the USSR national team also won the title of champions.

The stage that began in 1967 is characterized by a further increase in mass participation, stabilization of the high sportsmanship of a number of teams, and intensification of scientific and methodological work in the field of basketball.

The high skill of the major league teams made it possible to select worthy candidates for the national teams of the country, which made it possible to make a big leap towards strengthening the leadership of Soviet athletes on the world stage.

1972 was a very important year for all of Soviet basketball. At the XX Olympic Games in Munich, the USSR men's basketball team defeated all its opponents and, in a difficult struggle, won the meeting with the US team. For the first time, Soviet basketball players won Olympic gold medals.

The Soviet government highly appreciated the performance of our athletes at the XX Olympic Games and the fruitful work of the coaches. Many Olympic participants and their coaches were awarded government awards. Among the basketball players, orders and medals were received by: national team coaches V. Kondrashin and S. Bashkin, coaches O. Korkiya and V. Bimba, players S. Belov, A. Belov, G. Volnov, S. Kovalenko, I. Edeshko, A. Zharmukhamedov, M. Paulauskas, Z. Sakandelidze, M. Korkia, A. Polivoda, A. Boloshev.

According to data as of January 1, 1975, the number of people involved in basketball in the USSR was more than 3,482 thousand people. 892 basketball players had the title of Master of Sports of the USSR, 21,542 people had the first category.

In 1976, for the first time at the Olympic Games, a basketball tournament was held among women's teams, and the basketball players of the USSR national team immediately became gold medalists. Four years later, Soviet athletes repeated this result.

In the USSR championships among men's teams from 1976 to 1985. the permanent winner was CSKA Moscow. At that time, members of the Soviet national team played in the army club: Sergei Belov, Gennady Volnov, Alzhan Zharmukhamedov, Ivan Edeshko. For three years, from 1985 to 1987, the championship in the USSR championship was captured by Zalgiris Kaunas.

In 1987, the NBA Atlanta Hawks team played three matches in the USSR, which became a true breakthrough in the history of Soviet basketball. It turned out that basketball players from the USSR were able to fight on equal terms with professionals: the players of the Soviet team won one match in Moscow, and lost in two matches in Lithuania and Georgia in an equal fight.

On the international stage, the basketball players of the USSR national team achieved their greatest success in 1988 at the Olympic Games in Seoul (Korea). The main rival of the Soviet team, the American team, this time was assembled from the most promising NBA players. The national teams of the USSR and the USA met in the semi-finals. The Soviet team led almost the entire match by 12-13 points and eventually won confidently, and then, in the final of the tournament, the Yugoslavs, led by the great Drazen Petrovic, were defeated. The gold medals of this Olympics were received by the players of the USSR national team: Alexander Belostenny, Alexander Volkov, Valeriy Goborov, Rimantas Kurtinaitis, Sarunas Marciulionis, Igors Miglinieks, Viktor Pankrashkin, Arvydas Sabonis, Tiit Sokk, Sergei Tarakanov, Valeriy Tikhonenko, Valdemaras Homicius; as well as coaches Alexander Gomelsky and Yuri Selikhov. After the Olympic Games, basketball players of the Soviet Union team Alexander Volkov, Sarunas Marciulionis and Arvydas Sabonis were invited to the NBA.

After the collapse of the USSR, among its former republics at the world championships, the teams of Lithuania and Russia looked better than the rest. The Lithuanian team three times, from 1992 to 2000, became the bronze medalist of the Olympic Games, and the Russian team in 1994 and 1998. won silver medals at the World Championships. Since 1998, despite the relative increase in the popularity of basketball in the country, there has been a decline in the performance of the Russian national team.

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