Discus throwing. Throwing What is a thrower called?

1) Athlete, discus thrower. Discus throwing is a discipline consisting of throwing a special sports equipment - a discus - at a distance. Refers to throwing and is included in technical types athletics program. Requires strength and coordination of movements from athletes. It has been an Olympic track and field discipline for men since 1896 and for women since 1928. Included in track and field all-around events.

Discus throwing is one of the oldest sports disciplines, connecting physical exercise ancient and modern sports. As studies by historians and archaeological excavations show, discus throwing was popular in Ancient Greece and these competitions took place at the ancient Olympic Games. The projectiles were made of stone and bronze, weighing 2-6 kg, with a diameter of 21 to 34 cm. As far as one can judge from the historical evidence of that time, athletes threw from an elevation, with a lateral movement when the plane of the disc was perpendicular to the ground.

Discus throwing as a form in modern times it was decided to revive it at the first Olympic Games in Athens (1896). At that time there was still no clear idea of the technique and they decided to hold the competition in the Greek style. In 1908, at the London Olympics, competitions were held in two styles: Greek and freestyle (close to modern). Freestyle won in terms of range and subsequently began to improve the style in which in the initial position the rotation of the disc occurs in a horizontal plane. Initially, they threw from an elevation, like the ancient Greeks, then they moved to the sector for the shot put. However, the size of the sector was small and since 1910 the IAAF increased the size of the discus sector to 2.5 meters.

In 1925, the American Dougherty proposed a new style- with one and a half turns. The athlete began moving with his left side in the direction of the future throw and, rotating first on his left foot, stepped over to his right. In 1930, the American Krenz exceeded the 50 m mark (51.03 m) and his version of the technique, the high jump turn, became the most popular throughout the world. Until the 1940s, this style was being improved and the technique of discus throwers has not fundamentally changed since then.

2) Greek marble work by Myron. Known in several copies from Roman times, the best preserved is in the National Museum in Naples.

Ancient writers often mention the name of the author of the “Discobolus” - Myron and, talking about his statues, place him among the best sculptors of the 5th century BC. The dates of birth and death of the great master, who worked in the second quarter of the 5th century BC, could not be determined precisely. Pliny names the birthplace of the sculptor as Elevthera, a small town on the border of two regions of Ancient Greece - Attica and Boeotia. But already in Pausanias Myron appears as an Athenian. It is known that Myron lived and worked in Athens and received the title of Athenian citizen, which was then considered a great honor. Myron's father, apparently, was not involved in art. As Pliny writes, Myron studied with Ageladus, a major sculptor of southern Greece who worked in Argos, whose students were also Polykleitos and Phidias.

The “Discobolus” statue has survived to this day in several Roman copies of varying quality. One of the well-preserved marble copies from Palazzo Lancellotti is now in the Roman Museum of Baths. There is also a beautiful torso of the “Discobolus”, a cast of which served as the basis for the successful reconstruction of this famous work of antiquity.

It is generally accepted that this statue depicts the winner of a discus throwing competition. This is what Pliny, Lucian, and Quintillian wrote. However, the Roman writer Philostratus the Elder, who talks about the paintings of famous artists, has an almost exact description of the figure of a young discus thrower in the scene of a competition between Apollo throwing a discus and accidentally killing his friend Hyacinthus with it. This text gives some researchers reason to speculate whether the statue “Discobolus” is an image of the god Apollo, although other ancient authors simply call him “Discobolus”.

The discus thrower is shown naked, as Olympic Games ah, the young men competed without clothes. This became a custom after a memorable incident when, according to legend, one runner, in order to get ahead of his rivals, threw off his clothes and won. The sculptor created the “Discobolus” in bronze. Myron did not need to introduce supports under the arms, at the feet and between the fingers, which would destroy the impression of lightness and naturalness, which were usually used by sculptors of that time to give strength to marble copies. In addition to strength, bronze had another valuable quality. In the statues of athletes, she imparted to the monuments a vitality that delighted her contemporaries: her dark golden color conveyed naked, tanned skin well. Unfortunately, most of the Roman copies that have come down to us are marble, not bronze, and therefore it is not possible to talk about the original modeling of the body, since much was added to the surviving replicas by Roman copyists.

It can be noted that the statue is intended to be perceived preferably from the side from which the wide span of strong and tense arms is visible. The elastic lines of the contour seem to be drawn by a skillful hand. Such expressiveness of the contour line can also be found in ancient Greek drawings on red-figure vases.

The enormous physical tension is contained and balanced by the harmonic composition. The athlete seems calm, since only decaying movement and rest are openly shown, and the potentially accumulated movement, already ready to arise, is still hidden and has not manifested itself. The motion of the disk resembles the motion of a heavy pendulum, which has exhausted one type of energy and accumulated another, but maintains a momentary state of rest, preceding an even more energetic reverse movement. Thus, movement and peace, tension and release live simultaneously in one statue. This is the basis of the eternal impulse of forces that fill “Discobolus” and receive resolution only in the consciousness of the viewer who perceives it.

Gerd Kanter (Estonia) prepares to attempt the discus throw

Discus throwing is a discipline in athletics that involves throwing a special sports equipment - a discus - at a distance. Refers to throwing and is included in the technical types of the athletics program. Requires strength and coordination of movements from athletes. It has been an Olympic track and field discipline for men since 1896 and for women since 1928. Included in track and field all-around events.

Competitions and rules

Competitors perform a throw from a circle with a diameter of 219-221 cm. The throw distance is measured as the distance from the outer circumference of this circle to the point of impact of the projectile. The weight of the disc in men's competitions is 2 kg, and in women's competitions - 1 kg (Juniors - 1.5 kg, Youth - 1.75 kg).

IN official competitions IAAF competitors complete six attempts. If there are more than eight participants, then after the first 3 attempts the best eight are selected and in the next three attempts they play the best maximum results in six attempts.

The discus is thrown from a sector fenced with a net with a permitted horizontal launch angle of 350. The athlete is prohibited from leaving the sector until the disc lands. When thrown, the disc may touch the sector fence if other rules are not violated.

Discus throwing in ancient Greece

Discus thrower Mirona

Discus throwing is very ancient look sports. In the 5th century BC. e. The sculptor Miron made a sculpture of the discus thrower (Diskobolos), which is now world famous. The ancient Greek gods also played with the disc. According to one myth, Apollo competed in discus throwing with his favorite, Prince of Sparta Hyakinthos. To make an impression, Apollo threw the disc as hard as he could. Hyakinthos, for his part, wanted to impress Apollo and tried to catch the disk. The disk hit Hyakinthos and he died. According to another legend, the envious god of the western winds, Zephyr, blew into the disk to destroy Hyakinthos.

As studies by historians and archaeological excavations show, discus throwing was popular in Ancient Greece and these competitions took place at the ancient Olympic Games. The projectiles were made of stone and bronze, weighing from 1.25 to 5.70 kg, with a diameter from 16.5 to 34 cm. As far as one can judge from the historical evidence of that time, athletes threw from an elevation, with a lateral movement, when the plane of the disc was perpendicular to the ground .

Modern technology

Robert Garrett throws the discus at the 1896 Athens Olympics

In modern times, it was decided to revive discus throwing as a sport at the first Olympic Games in Athens (1896). At that time there was still no clear idea of the technique and they decided to hold the competition in the Greek style. In 1908, at the London Olympics, competitions were held in two styles: Greek and freestyle (close to modern). Freestyle won in range, and subsequently the improvement of the style began, in which in the initial position the disc rotates in a horizontal plane.

Initially they threw from an elevation, like the ancient Greeks, then moved to the shot put sector. However, the size of the sector was small and since 1910 the IAAF increased the sector size for discus throwing to 2.5 meters. In 1921, the American Dougherty proposed a new style - with one and a half turns. The athlete began moving with his left side in the direction of the future throw and, rotating first on his left foot, stepped over to his right. In 1930, the American Krenz exceeded the 50 m mark (51.03 m) and his version of the technique, the high jump turn, became the most popular throughout the world. Until the 1940s, this style was improved and, fundamentally, since that time the technique of discus throwers has not changed.

Physics of discus throwing

Initial speed of the disc in male athletes high class reaches 25 m/s. The optimal projectile launch angle for male discus throwers in calm conditions is considered to be about 36-380. When performing a throwing movement, athletes also impart their own rotation to the disc, which allows the projectile to acquire additional stability in flight.

Headwind (as well as ski jumping) with a speed of up to ~5 m/s is a favorable factor. At the same time, the higher the speed of the headwind, the smaller the angle of departure of the projectile from the athlete’s hands should be. Therefore, the ability to feel the wind and the ability, as athletes say, to “hit the projectile” and “put the disc into the wind” is one of the components of the skill of a high-class discus thrower. Evidence of a low-class athlete is the lateral runout of the disc in flight, an unstable trajectory when the disc falls on an edge and quickly falls down

Modern development

Jurgen Schult (GDR), attempting discus throw

As with all throwing disciplines, US athletes reigned supreme in the discus for many years. Since the 1980s, athletes from the GDR and Germany have competed with them. Since the 2000s, leading positions have been taken by athletes from Hungary, Estonia, and Lithuania.

For women, discus throwing has been included in the competitive program of the Olympic Games since 1928. First Soviet Olympic champion in athletics became Nina Ponomareva-Romashkova (1952). From that time to the present, athletes from the USSR and Russia have always been in leading positions. Athletes from the GDR and, later, the Federal Republic of Germany competed with them.

Outstanding results in this sport were achieved by the American Al (Alfred) Oerter, who won 4 gold medals at the Olympic Games from 1956 to 1968. A characteristic feature of discus throwing is its frequent combination with shot put. Soviet athlete Tamara Press won the Olympic Games in shot put (1960, 1964) and discus throw (1964).

Records

Result

Seoul, Republic of Korea

Athletes

Gerd Kanter (Estonia) Al Orter (USA) Mack Wilkins (USA) Lars Riedel (Germany) Jurgen Schult (GDR) Virgilius Alekna (Lithuania)

Ellina Zvereva (Belarus) Nina Ponomareva-Romashkova (USSR) Faina Melnik (USSR) Evelin Jaal (GDR) Natalya Sadova (Russia) Nikolay Sedyuk (Russia)

physical strength

- disk, at a distance. Refers to throwing and is included in the technical types of the athletics program. Requires strength and coordination of movements from athletes. It has been an Olympic track and field discipline for men since 1896 and for women since 1928. Included in track and field all-around events.

Competitions and rules

Competitors perform a throw from a circle with a diameter of 250 cm. The throw distance is measured as the distance from the outer circumference of this circle to the point of impact of the projectile. The weight of the disc for men is 2 kg, for juniors 1.75 kg, for boys 1.5 kg. For women, juniors and girls - 1 kg. The disc diameter is 219-221 mm for men and 180-182 mm for women.

In official IAAF competitions, competitors complete six attempts. If there are more than eight participants, then after the first 3 attempts the best eight are selected and in the next three attempts they play the best with the maximum result in six attempts.

The discus is thrown from a sector enclosed by a net with a permitted horizontal launch angle of no more than 35°, or more precisely 34.92°, otherwise the disc will not be able to fly into the field and will crash into the net or supports. The width of the disc departure gate is 6 meters. The athlete is prohibited from leaving the sector until the disc lands. When thrown, the disc may touch the sector fence if other rules are not violated.

Video on the topic

Discus throwing in ancient Greece

Discus throwing is a very ancient sport. In the 5th century BC. e. The sculptor Miron made a sculpture of the discus thrower (Diskobolos), which is now world famous. The ancient Greek gods also played with the disc. According to one myth, Apollo competed in discus throwing with his favorite, Prince of Sparta Hyakinthos. To make an impression, Apollo threw the disc as hard as he could. Hyakinthos, for his part, wanted to impress Apollo and tried to catch the disk. The disk hit Hyakinthos and he died. According to another legend, the envious god of the western winds, Zephyr, blew into the disk to destroy Hyakinthos.

As research by historians and archaeological excavations show, discus throwing was popular in Ancient Greece, and these competitions took place at the ancient Olympic Games. The projectiles were made of stone and bronze, weighing from 1.25 to 5.70 kg, with a diameter from 16.5 to 34 cm. As far as one can judge from the historical evidence of that time, athletes threw from an elevation, with a lateral movement, when the plane of the disc was perpendicular to the ground .

Modern technology

Robert Garrett throws the discus at the 1896 Athens Olympics

It was decided to revive discus throwing as a sport in modern times at the First Olympic Games in Athens (1896). At that time there was no clear idea of the technique and they decided to hold the competition in the Greek style. In 1908, at the London Olympics, competitions were held in two styles: Greek and freestyle (close to modern). Freestyle won in range, and subsequently the improvement of the style began, in which in the initial position the disc rotates in a horizontal plane.

Initially they threw from an elevation, like the ancient Greeks, then moved to the shot put sector. However, the size of the sector was small, and from 1910 the IAAF increased the sector size for discus throw to 2.5 meters.

For women, discus throwing has been included in the competitive program of the Olympic Games since 1928. The first Soviet Olympic champion in athletics was Nina Ponomareva-Romashkova (1952).

Outstanding results in this sport were achieved by the American Al Orter, who won 4 gold medals at the Olympic Games from 1956 to 1968. A characteristic feature of discus throwing is its frequent combination with shot put. Soviet athlete Tamara Press won the Olympic Games in shot put (1960, 1964) and discus throw (1964).

Records

Result	Athlete	A country	date	Place
World record
74.08 m (men)	Jurgen Schult	GDR GDR	June 6	Neubrandenburg, East Germany
76.80 m (women)	Gabriela Reinsch	GDR GDR	July 9	Neubrandenburg, East Germany
Olympic record
69.89 m (men)	Virgilius Alekna

As a sport, throwing was included in the Olympic Games of Ancient Greece, in the disciplines of discus and javelin throwing. The first throwing discs were made of different materials: stone, wood, iron, lead. All this was discovered during excavations. It was only in the 8th century BC that lens-shaped sports discs appeared. The shape of the spear changes in modern sports, and in ancient games it was a pointed shaft, which was first thrown for accuracy, then for distance. Javelin throwing was included in the modern Olympic Games in 1908.

Only men threw. It was only in 1932 that javelin throwing was allowed for women. What did she give to women? Athletics, javelin throwing gave the world the first female champion in this discipline - American M. Didrikson threw with a result of 43 m 68 cm

IN secondary schools Russia uses lessons that offer athletics and ball throwing. This is, of course, a simplified form of throwing, but here too you need to learn. During throwing training, the ball is used regularly.

You can use real throwing prep workouts:

Place your feet shoulder-width apart and lift the ball above your head. Throw up and down with springy legwork, arching your back, and wrapping your forearms and hands.
Lunge forward and, leaning on one leg, perform the same throws.
In a lunge position, throw overhead throws
Stand straight, feet step-width apart, hold a barbell in your hands. Swing to the right, then down, then back. The final stance is like a drawn bow, the back is arched.
Perform the throw in three steps, but do not release the plate after simulating the throw.
Take a dumbbell or object weighing 1–2 kg in your throwing hand. Swing forward, down, and back while pivoting your kick leg to the left.
Stand straight, feet at step width, take a 1-2 kg cannonball in your throwing hand. Take a swing and throw it at the target.
Perform throwing movements from three steps and from a running shot.
Set aside the throwing exercises and do a breathing exercise using your diaphragm.

To achieve maximum projectile flight, you need to understand the following: you need to give a high initial speed to the projectile and set the desired trajectory. The speed and path of travel create the formula for the best best result.

The stronger the projectile is released by the athlete and the less time it will take to cover the maximum distance.

It is very important to consider the desired projectile. So, based on film footage, they calculated that the optimal angle for throwing a javelin is 40 degrees. If you place the throw correctly, calculating the desired angle, the better the result you can achieve.

It is important to take into account the characteristics of the projectile and the air resistance on the projectile. Achieving planning is an important success factor. For example, if you raise a javelin, the flight can only be 30 meters, because you set the throwing angle to 90 meters, and you simply cannot impart a force that will overcome air resistance to the projectile. So, when calculating your efforts, you must rely on objective data.

All cannonballs, spears, hammers and discs used by athletes in competitions comply with IAAF requirements and have the appropriate certificate.

IAAF weight requirements

When throwing at athletics No special devices can be used.

It is believed that wrapping the fingers or hand can help the athlete during the push. If an athlete has an open cut on a finger or palm, then bandaging is possible, but the senior judge of the competition must be informed.

Bandaging of two fingers and the use of gloves when throwing a hammer are permitted. Gloves of a certain type, smooth on the back and on the palm, fingertips should be open, thumb doesn't have to be opened.

You can also use powder during the hammer throw and shot put.

In javelin throwing, the use of an elbow corrector or bandaging is allowed.

Athletics - Javelin Throw

A special sector is allocated for the javelin thrower, which provides a straight run to the transverse boundary line, upon crossing which the attempt is not counted.

The spear must be held by the winding, and thrown only over the shoulder or top part hands; it is prohibited to throw in any other way. You should also not throw or throw a spear. New javelin throwing techniques are prohibited.

After a throw without a spade, the attempt will be counted only if the tip of the spear in the form of a metal tip touches before the main body of the spear. Irrefutable proof of throwing is sticking the javelin into the throwing field. While the javelin is in the air, the athlete should not turn his back to the projectile, but must follow the gliding javelin with his eyes. Throwing is given several attempts, which determine first the passing result for the final, and then the final.

The spear consists of the following parts:

shaft,
metal tip,
windings

The shaft is made entirely of metal or similar homogeneous material that is acceptable for the production of spears. A metal tip with a sharp end is attached to the front. The winding covers the center of gravity of the spear and does not exceed the diameter of the shaft by more than 8 mm.

The shaft must be smooth, without holes, grooves, or depressions, i.e. solid along the entire length. Pay attention to the quality of the projectile so that it meets these requirements, do not use a defective one so that your result is not disputed by your opponent.

Pay special attention to the winding; it should not have knots, loops, or slippery, as this all affects the quality of throwing.

Also, the spear should be straight, without sharp changes in diameter in different parts of the shaft.

It is allowed that the shaft may have a deviation in diameter, but not more than 2% between the largest and smallest diameters. It is possible to understand whether the spear cross-section is round or not in a simple way, rolling it in your ungloved palm. Deviations will be noticeable, and if the deviations are significant, choose a different projectile.

Also if you professional sportsman, then you should have a thickness gauge with which you can determine whether the quality of the projectile is suitable for you or not. But most often, athletes evaluate the spear by eye, which is of course very subjective and helps to choose the right projectile 50/50.

The spear has different weights and sizes.

And the most important thing is that individual parts of the spear should not dangle, the winding should not be unwound, as all this will change the center of gravity of the projectile and the flight path.

Initial javelin training starts from a standing position, usually with two hands above the head.

Then the training begins with a small run-up and only then with a full run-up, special attention is paid to the technique of throwing the javelin in front of the limit line, approximately the last three steps before throwing. The future javelin thrower also needs to learn the coordinated movement of his arms and legs.

In turn, javelin throwers are divided into left-handed and right-handed. There is no need to retrain athletes, just the description for right-handed throwing techniques will differ from the description for left-handers.

An approximate description of training for right-handers to master the technique of throwing with a short run-up:

Move six meters away from the marking line;
Position yourself with the spear over your shoulder near your ear, elbow in front and to the right;
Raise the back end of the spear up, above the head, the tip above the chin;
With your left foot, take a step forward, while moving your arm with the spear back, lower the back end of the spear to a horizontal position.

Take a step with your right foot, and move your arm back, while turning your body to the right, simultaneously lowering the back end of the spear. The point should be at the very chin, and left hand bend and place across the chest.

Take a step with your left foot a little to the left, completely turn your body and tilt it to the right side, straighten your right arm and turn your palm up. Now twist your body sharply so that your chest points forward. The lower back should be arched and the entire weight of the body should be on the left leg. Now the hand should go with the elbow forward and above the head, right leg forward and sharply down to achieve a strong jerk of the body. Next, the spear flies into the throwing field along the trajectory specified by this jerk. Accordingly, the stronger and more correctly the jerk is made, the further the spear will fly.

Athletics - Discus Throw

Discus throwing is performed from a fenced sector using a net; the part where the projectile is launched is fenced off, thus spectators and other athletes are protected from danger. During throwing, no one should be in the throwing sector. The judges must look at the thrower and the implement. The protective net must withstand a disc weighing 2 kg, which moves at a speed of up to 25 m per second, this is the speed that is set to the projectile during throwing. The direction of the projectile being thrown must be such that the disc cannot ricochet towards the thrower, much less over the edge of the barrier.

How the disk works

The disc is either solid metal or hollow, made of various materials, with a metal ring around the edge. The edge of the cross-section is rounded with a radius of 6 mm, while the two sides of the disk are identical, without protrusions or recesses, smooth, rough and uniform over the entire surface.

The barrier mesh is U-shaped and must consist of at least six sections with a width of 3.17 each, as was done in the Sports Palace on Rabochaya. The edges of this form must be at least 6 meters and the height of the sections at least 4 meters. The entire structure must be tight so that the disc does not get stuck in the joint, under sections or in the mesh.

You need to know that the discus throwing sector is danger zone and maximum security must be ensured.

The discus is thrown with both the left and right hands.

Athletics - shot put

The core in athletics is a solid metal ball. For competitions in female form its mass is 4 kg and its diameter is 110 mm, for male pushers its mass is 7.257 kg and 130 in diameter. The weight of the core in athletics cannot be different; it is the reference weight.

You need to understand that it is correct to use the term “shot put - athletics”, shot throw is not the correct expression, try not to use it, although it periodically slips through, especially these online publications.

Pushing technique

The shot put must be done as follows:

Stand with the shot in the original putting position. You should be in the part of the circle that is farthest from the throwing area. It is necessary to take a body position in which all the weight falls on the bent right or left leg(depending on the pushing leg), while placing your foot against the back of the circle. To do a shot put you need to rock your body back and forth. The second option could be to raise the non-push leg up. For the most effective shot put, it is necessary to remove the body from a state of dynamic rest and transfer the maximum energy that appears into the pushing movement. In this case, everything must be done quickly and collectedly, while the body itself must expend a minimum of energy.

You have not violated the shot put rules if you did not step outside the circle immediately after the throw. After the throw, you must completely fix your entire body in the circle and, to avoid any controversial issues, exit from the back point of the circle. In this case, the judges will no longer be able to doubt that there was no spade.

Your shot putt will be maximum if you have transferred the energy to the shot correctly and fired the projectile at the right angle and high. This is guaranteed to give the desired result to your efforts.

So, you have rocked the body from a state of rest to correct posture, now you need to transition into the first pushing movement.

The pusher must bring the non-pushing leg behind the pushing leg and swing to move the body forward. It is this movement that increases the speed of the first pushing movement. The movement is carried out so that the pushing leg is transferred to the center of the pushing circle. Inhale, spin the body with the shot into the throwing sector, and at the same time lean on two legs, then, as you exhale, push the shot into the sector. The pushing movement resembles a jump, but the legs seem to glide easily over the sector.

The thrower brings his left leg back, behind the right, and from there swings it, in order to give the body a forward jerk, which will increase the speed of the jump. The right leg pushes off strongly from the ground. The jump is performed in such a way that the athlete’s right foot lands in the center of the circle, and the left foot ends up at the front of the circle, slightly to the left. Landing is done with both feet simultaneously. The jump should not be high, no higher than 20 - 25 cm from the ground. The legs seem to glide over the ground, rather than jump. Some pushers perform several of these movements.

It must be remembered that the correct stance is always with the legs bent at the knees, the core is pushed out by the weight of the body, not the hand, the correct pushing angle is 45 degrees.

It is necessary to clearly understand that the core before performing the attempt is in a fixed position at the neck or chin, and the hand should always remain at this level.

Never lower your hand lower, this will lead to a violation of the shot put technique, and the shot put technique in athletics is decisive in achieving the best results.

The thrower can spin at the end of the throw to absorb kinetic energy, which could push him out of the sector and the attempt will not be counted.

Immediately at the moment of putting the shot, the hand should be turned inward with the fingers and the palm facing outward.

At our school you will learn this technique under the guidance of experienced trainer who raised strong athletes.

Anyone can learn, even a fragile and young girl...

Athletics - hammer throw

This discipline in sports looks especially impressive on TV screens and on entertainment sporting events. Powerful athletes spin the hammer and send it into the throwing sector. Most people like to watch because it looks dangerous, but there are young people who are fascinated by the thrower's movements, and they can become the new generation of throwers.

So about the discipline - hammer throwing. This is an athletics discipline related to the technical one, where the hammer thrower throws sports equipment– hammer – at a distance.

Hammer throwers are strong athletes who do not suffer from lack of coordination.

Competitions are held on open stadiums, in which sectors for hammer throwing are equipped in the summer.

How olympic event sports for men - since 1900, but for women only since 2000. It is not difficult to calculate how long it took for male dominance to be ousted.

What does sports equipment consist of:

Metal ball
Steel wire
Handle (handle)

The final shape of the projectile was approved in 1896.

The ball must be made of iron or a metal no softer than brass. There may be a metal shell, the cavity of which is filled with lead or other material. The filler must be securely fastened inside, be motionless, and the center itself must be no further than 6 mm from the center of the metal ball.

The shape must be spherical with a minimum diameter of 100 millimeters for men and 95 for women.

The wire should not stretch and should be at least 2 mm and attached to the core and handle with a loop.

The handle must be rigid and solid, but composite ones are also allowed. The handle should not be deformed or twisted, should not turn.

For men, the total length of the projectile is 117-121.5 cm, and total weight- 7.265 kg or 16 lbs.

For women, 116 to 119.5 cm and a total weight of 4 kg or 8.82 lbs.

Throwing is carried out from a special circle with a diameter of 2.135 m, fenced with a net, the so-called hammer throwing sector or sometimes called the base.

When attempting a throw, the thrower must not go outside the circle, can only exit the circle after the projectile has landed, and must only exit the circle from the back of the throwing circle.

The net is needed so that the projectile, in case of an unsuccessful attempt, does not fly into the stands and injure the spectators. In addition, the sector is narrowed, the so-called target, so that the projectile does not fly away Treadmills or other areas of the stadium and did not injure other competitors.

In the 1900s, the grid alignment was 90 degrees, in the 1960s it was already 60 degrees, and now it is 35 degrees.

The mesh is installed on a U-shaped structure with a height of at least 7 meters at the lowest point.

The net itself must be strong so that the projectile cannot break through it or get stuck in it, and must not rebound so that the hammer cannot bounce back at the athlete.

Playing with this projectile is not allowed. This is an inherently brutal sport. And you can’t play around in it.

And it owes its brutality to the history of the creation of primary technology. In Scotland and Ireland, once upon a time they simply threw some kind of load by the handle, usually a blacksmith's hammer or even a club, and threw it not at a distance, but at a height. One old engraving showed King Henry VIII of England throwing a blacksmith's hammer. It was only in 1866 that competitions for a hammer with a rigid handle were held. The first record was only 24.50 meters, for comparison we provide the following data: the world record for men is 86.74 meters in 1986 and belongs to Yuri Sedykh of the USSR, the record for women is 79.42 meters in 2011 and was set by Bette Heidler ( Betty Heidler) from Germany, participant of 2 Olympic Games, world and European champion. The Olympic record for men of 84.80 meters in 1988 belongs to Sergei Litvinov of the USSR, set in Korea. The women's record of 76.34 meters was set in 2008 by Oksana Menkova from Belarus in China. Throwing rules were established in 1887 in England.

Irish athlete Flanagan significantly developed throwing technique and attracted spectators, made this sport popular. Flanagan was Olympic champion in 1900, 1904, 1908 and broke world records 14 times, which began to be recorded by the IAAF in the hammer throw in 1913. The leaders in this sport in the 50s were athletes from Hungary and the USSR. Today the leaders are hammer throwers from Belarus, Poland, Japan, and Slovenia. Our thrower Yuri Sedykh was the leader from 1976 to 1988. Among women, the leaders are throwers from Russia, Cuba, Germany, and China.

How to throw a hammer.

The classic technique includes rotating the hammer in two circles over the head without rotating the body, while the athlete stands with his back to the throwing sector, and then 3-4 rotations of the body together with the hammer, as a result of rotation the hammer is released into the sector, the athlete stands facing the sector. Experienced athletes can achieve projectile speeds of even 32 m/s

It is allowed to place the hammer ball outside the throwing circle or inside before starting the swing.

When unwinding, the ball may touch the ground or the metal rim of the sector.

You cannot interrupt the spinning; this is automatically counted as a failed attempt.

Note to women.

Your body is more oriented towards this sport, purely anatomically, due to the fact that the long body relative to the legs helps maintain balance in rotation, and the smaller foot helps to technically perform four turns, without going beyond the sector.

If you have read this article in its entirety, the next step may be to show real interest in sports activities at a sports school.

The creators of this cartoon didn’t bother to learn how to draw a hammer correctly, how to throw it correctly, and don’t even follow safety precautions, so it’s funny to look not only at the adventures of the unfortunate man, but also at the blunders of the ignoramuses of this sport.